Lyophilized powder is a dry powder obtained through freeze-drying technology, a process in which water is removed from liquid substances via sublimation within a low-temperature, vacuum environment. This technology was originally employed to manufacture heat-sensitive biological products-such as pharmaceuticals, enzymes, or plasma-as it effectively prevents the degradation of active ingredients caused by heat exposure.
Lyophilized powder is widely utilized in the pharmaceutical sector, appearing in applications such as injectable powder preparations, vaccines (e.g., attenuated live Japanese encephalitis vaccine and lyophilized human rabies vaccine), as well as certain cosmetic products. Its production must be conducted within a sterile environment and is subject to compliance inspections under Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Quality control for lyophilized powder encompasses testing parameters such as moisture content, active ingredient levels, and sterility; furthermore, it requires storage in a low-temperature, low-humidity environment to maintain its stability.